What is Zucker diabetic fatty rat?
The Zucker fatty (ZF) rat harboring a missense mutation (fatty, fa) in the leptin receptor gene (Lepr) develops obesity without diabetes; Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats derived from the ZF strain exhibit obesity with diabetes and are widely used for research on type 2 diabetes (T2D).
What is ZDF rat?
The Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rat has a missense mutation in the gene coding the leptin receptor (fa/fa) (Phillips et al., 1996) and spontaneously develops insulin resistance, T2DM, hyperlipidemia, moderate hypertension, and obesity, as well as progressive renal injury (Kong et al., 2013).
How do you cope with diabetes diagnosis?
Eat healthy
- Eat a variety of foods, including vegetables, whole grains, fruits, non-fat dairy foods, healthy fats, and lean meats or meat substitutes.
- Try not to eat too much food.
- Try not to eat too much of one type of food.
- Space your meals evenly throughout the day.
- Avoid skipping meals.
Can rats be diabetic?
Around 90% of rats develop diabetes between 8 and 16 weeks of age. The diabetic phenotype is quite severe, and the rats require insulin therapy for survival.
What effect does high levels of leptin have?
The fat cells use leptin to tell your brain how much body fat they carry. High levels of leptin tell your brain that you have plenty of fat stored, while low levels tell your brain that fat stores are low and that you need to eat ( 9 ).
How was leptin discovered?
Friedman et al discovered leptin in 1994, and demonstrated that this hormone, the product of the obese (ob) gene, was produced in white adipose tissue and served as the peripheral signal to the central nervous system of nutritional status.
What are the signs and symptoms of diabetes?
Diabetes Symptoms. 1 Urinate (pee) a lot, often at night. 2 Are very thirsty. 3 Lose weight without trying. 4 Are very hungry. 5 Have blurry vision. 6 Have numb or tingling hands or feet. 7 Feel very tired. 8 Have very dry skin. 9 Have sores that heal slowly. 10 Have more infections than usual.
What are the symptoms of hyperglycemia?
Hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar, causes many of the warning signs of diabetes listed above, including: Heavy thirst; Blurry vision; Peeing a lot; More hunger; Numb or tingling feet; Fatigue
What are the signs of type 2 diabetes complications?
Signs of type 2 diabetes’ complications may include: Slow-healing sores or cuts Itchy skin (usually around the vaginal or groin area) Frequent yeast infections Recent weight gain Velvety, dark skin changes of the neck, armpit, and groin, called acanthosis nigricans
What are the first signs of prediabetes?
This is often a sign of prediabetes. The medical name for this skin condition is acanthosis nigricans. Often causing darker skin in the creases of the neck, AN may be the first sign that someone has diabetes.