What is SAGD process?
Steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD), is a drilling technique used to extract heavy crude oil which is buried too deep or otherwise burdensome to access. The process was created by the Alberta Oil Sands Technology and Research Authority (AOSTRA) as an efficient means of recovering difficult-to-access oil reserves.
What is a SAGD facility?
Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) is an enhanced oil recovery technology for producing heavy crude oil and bitumen involving an advanced form of steam stimulation. Two horizontal wells are drilled into the oil reservoir, one a few meters above the other.
Do sewers work on gravity?
Drains and sewers operate under gravity offering both simplicity and economy.
What is a gravity main line?
A gravity sewer is a conduit utilizing the energy resulting from a difference in elevation to remove unwanted water. The term sewer implies removal of sewage or surface runoff rather than water intended for use; and the term gravity excludes water movement induced through force mains or vacuum sewers.
Does next generation SAGD produce water treatment technology?
Next Generation SAGD Produced Water Treatment Technology Development ESAA Watertech 2012 Banff, Alberta April 12, 2012 Energy is required for making water and water is required in the production of energy. Energy and water are co-dependent Water & energy needs are interlinked Energy production is thirsty
What are the features of advanced treatment boiler?
Advanced Treatment Boiler Feed Water Tank 60% Evaporator 40% 12 Deoiling pilot layout Membranes Physical Separators Chemical Addition Reject CIP Filtrate Deoiled Controls Controls Sump 13 Value proposition De-oiling Unit Water Recycle Unit O/W Separation Steam Generation Oily Water 1000 – 5000 ppm Diluent
How long has SAGD been in the field?
It has only been 24 years since SAGD came off the paper and 12 years at commercial scale in the field 1.0 MBPD 0.5 0 2005 20102000 2015 SAGD Production Capacity 2015 Survive Operate Optimize Thrive
What is the best method for softening water?
An old rule of thumb is that lime softening is the method of choice for hardnesses higher than 100-150 mg/L and flowrates larger than 200 m3/h. However, if water is “problematic” (e.g. a high TDS Fig -1 water) then the cut-off points for hardness and flowrate could be decreased.