What is pyrimethamine?
A synthetic derivative of ethyl-pyrimidine with potent antimalarial properties. Pyrimethamine is a competitive inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). DHFR is a key enzyme in the redox cycle for production of tetrahydrofolate, a cofactor that is required for the synthesis of DNA and proteins.
What is the uses of pyrimethamine?
Pyrimethamine is an antiparasite medicine that helps prevent parasites from growing and reproducing in the body. Pyrimethamine is used in adults and children to treat or prevent certain types of malaria. However, pyrimethamine is generally not preferred as a medicine to prevent malaria while traveling.
What is pyrimethamine and how does it work?
This medication is used with other medication (such as a sulfonamide) to treat a serious parasite infection (toxoplasmosis) of the body, brain, or eye or to prevent toxoplasmosis infection in people with HIV infection. Pyrimethamine belongs to a class of drugs known as antiparasitics. It works by killing parasites.
What is the mechanism of action of pyrimethamine?
Mechanism of action and resistance Pyrimethamine selectively inhibits the plasmodial form of dihydrofolate reductase, reducing the production of folic acid required for nucleic acid synthesis in the malarial parasite (see Fig. 51.4).
What is the classification of pyrimethamine?
Pyrimethamine belongs to a class of drugs known as antiparasitics. It works by killing parasites.
Is pyrimethamine a sulfonamide?
It contains sulfadoxine (a sulfonamide) and pyrimethamine (an antiprotozoal). For the treatment of malaria it is typically used along with other antimalarial medication such as artesunate….Sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine.
| Combination of | |
|---|---|
| Sulfadoxine | Sulfonamide |
| Pyrimethamine | Antiparasitic |
| Clinical data | |
| Pronunciation | peer-i-METH-a-meen/sul-fa-DOX-een |
What kind of drug is pyrimethamine?
Pyrimethamine is an antiparasitic prescription medicine approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of Toxoplasma gondii infection (toxoplasmosis). Pyrimethamine is usually used together with a sulfonamide (sulfa medicine) to treat toxoplasmosis.
Is pyrimethamine a trimethoprim?
Like trimethoprim, pyrimethamine inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, which is necessary for synthesis of thymidine. However, in contrast to trimethoprim, it has a greater affinity for the protozoal enzyme than the bacterial enzyme.
What is the Iupac name of pyrimethamine?
Pyrimethamine (T3D4779)
| Record Information | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC Name | 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-ethylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine |
| Traditional Name | pyrimethamine |
| SMILES | CCC1=NC(=N)NC(N)=C1C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 |
| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C12H13ClN4/c1-2-9-10(11(14)17-12(15)16-9)7-3-5-8(13)6-4-7/h3-6H,2H2,1H3,(H4,14,15,16,17) |
What is suramin made of?
Suramin is a complex molecule containing eight benzene rings, with a molecular mass of 1297. It has been used to treat HAT for more than 90 years. Suramin is only used to treat the hemolymphatic form (stage 1 disease) of both East and West African trypanosomiasis.
Can pyrimethamine cure malaria?
Sulfadoxine , a sulfa medicine, and pyrimethamine combination is used to treat malaria. This medicine may also be used to prevent malaria in people who are living in, or will be traveling to, an area where there is a chance of getting malaria.
Pyrimethamine is classified as a folic acid antagonist. It works by inhibiting folic acid metabolism and therefore the making of DNA. Pyrimethamine was discovered in 1952 and came into medical use in 1953.
What is pyrimethamine used to treat?
Pyrimethamine, sold under the trade name Daraprim, is a medication used with leucovorin to treat the parasite diseases toxoplasmosis and cystoisosporiasis. It is also used with dapsone as a second-line option to prevent Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in people with HIV/AIDS.
Is Daraprim the same as pyrimethamine?
Pyrimethamine, sold under the brand name Daraprim among others, is a medication used with leucovorin (leucovorin is used to decrease side effects of pyrimethamine; it does not have intrinsic anti-parasitic activity) to treat the parasitic diseases toxoplasmosis and cystoisosporiasis.
What are the side effects of pyrimethamine?
Side effects. When higher doses are used, as in the treatment of toxoplasmosis, pyrimethamine can cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, glossitis, anorexia, and diarrhea.