What does vinyl chloride degrade?
Under aerobic conditions, vinyl chloride was readily degraded, with greater than 99% of the labeled material being degraded after 108 days and approximately 65% being mineralized to 14CO2.
What does vinyl chloride make?
Vinyl chloride is used primarily to make polyvinyl chloride (PVC); PVC is used to make a variety of plastic products, including pipes, wire and cable coatings, and packaging materials. Vinyl chloride is also produced as a combustion product in tobacco smoke.
What products use vinyl chloride?
Vinyl chloride is an intermediate in the production of PVC plastic used in a wide range of products including pipes, wire and cable coatings, packaging materials, upholstery for automobiles and furniture, wall and floor coverings, flooring, backing for carpet, house wares, automotive parts, medical devices, and …
How does vinyl chloride damage DNA?
Vinyl chloride (VC) is a human carcinogen known to undergo metabolism by cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) to reactive intermediates that can cause oncogene and tumor suppressor gene mutations and that are further metabolized by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) and glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) to non-mutagenic end …
What is vinyl chloride?
Vinyl chloride is a colorless, flammable gas that evaporates very quickly. It’s used to make polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes, wire coatings, vehicle upholstery, and plastic kitchen ware. Higher than normal levels of vinyl chloride may be present inside new cars as the chemical evaporates from new vinyl products.
How is vinyl chloride made?
Heating 1,2-dichloroethane in the presence of a charcoal catalyst gives vinyl chloride. In the other process (called oxychlorination), ethylene, hydrogen chloride, and oxygen (or air) are heated in the presence of a copper catalyst to give vinyl chloride and water.
What products are made from PVC?
Some of the most common applications for PVC material include:
- Flooring. Plasticized flooring is used in sports halls and commercial buildings.
- Plumbing Pipes. Pipes need to resist changes in temperature and chemical exposure.
- Roofing.
- Siding.
- Trim.
- Protective Clothing.
- Shower Curtains.
- Tents.
Is PVC a neurotoxin?
Harmful component molecules: PVC is made from vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) and ethylene dichloride (EDC). VCM is a potent carcinogen. EDC is a neurotoxin and its production releases dioxin.
What is vinyl in chemistry?
Vinyl compounds contain the hydrocarbon vinyl group (CH2=CH-). The molecules of a single vinyl compound can be made to polymerize; that is, to join end to end, forming a polyvinyl compound such as polyvinyl chloride.
Is vinyl chloride man made?
Polyvinyl chloride (colloquial: polyvinyl, or simply vinyl; abbreviated: PVC) is the world’s third-most widely produced synthetic polymer of plastic (after polyethylene and polypropylene). About 40 million tons of PVC are produced each year….Polyvinyl chloride.
| Names | |
|---|---|
| ChEBI | CHEBI:53243 |
| ChemSpider | none |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.120.191 |
| KEGG | C19508 |
What chemicals are in vinyl?
PVC production releases dangerous pollutants including vinyl chloride, ethylene dichloride, mercury, dioxins and furans, and PCBs. Vinyl plastic products expose children and all of us to harmful chemical additives such as phthalates, lead, cadmium and organotins — all substances of very high concern.
What is vinyl chloride (VCM)?
It can be formed in the environment when soil organisms break down chlorinated solvents. Vinyl chloride that is released by industries or formed by the breakdown of other chlorinated chemicals can enter the air and drinking water supplies. Vinyl chloride is a common contaminant found near landfills. In the past VCM was used as a refrigerant.
How is vinyl chloride formed in the environment?
It can be formed in the environment when soil organisms break down chlorinated solvents. Vinyl chloride that is released by industries or formed by the breakdown of other chlorinated chemicals can enter the air and drinking water supplies. Vinyl chloride is a common contaminant found near landfills.
What is the end product of vinyl chloride monomer?
Vinyl chloride is a chemical intermediate, not a final product. Due to the hazardous nature of vinyl chloride to human health there are no end products that use vinyl chloride in its monomer form. Polyvinyl chloride is very stable, storable, and nowhere near as acutely hazardous as the monomer.
What is the intracellular metabolism of vinyl chloride?
The direct, intracellular metabolism of vinyl chloride proceeds via oxidation to an intermediate compound (chlorooxirane) which ultimately degrades to carbon dioxide and water (Hartmans and DeBont, 1992).