What does HLA-B stand for?
HLA-B (major histocompatibility complex, class I, B) is a human gene that provides instructions for making a protein that plays a critical role in the immune system.
What is the difference between HLA-A and HLA-B?
HLA is a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigen specific to humans. HLA-A is one of three major types of human MHC class I transmembrane proteins. The others are HLA-B and HLA-C….HLA-A.
| MHC class I, A | |
|---|---|
| Protein type | Transmembrane protein |
| Function | Peptide presentation for immune recognition |
Does everyone have the HLA gene?
Although the number of individual HLA alleles that have been identified is large, approximately 40% of these alleles appear to be unique, having only been identified in single individuals. Roughly a third of alleles have been reported more than three times in unrelated individuals.
How many HLA-B alleles are there?
Over 6400 alleles have been identified, and more than 2000 of these are at a single locus (HLA-B). More than 1000 alleles have been observed at each of the HLA-A, -C and –DRB1 loci.
What is the role of HLA in immune response?
HLA and immune response The most important function of HLA molecule is in the induction and regulation of immune responses. T cells recognize foreign antigen in combination with HLA molecules. In an immune response, foreign antigen is processed by and presented on the surface of a cell (e.g. macrophage).
What diseases are associated with the HLA-B27 gene?
Studies indicate that HLA-B27 associated uveitis is a distinct entity characterized by a male predominance and frequent association with seronegative spondyloarthropathies, such as ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease.
What is HLA-B53?
HLA-B53 is most common in West African populations, where malaria is a frequent cause of death in children. Researchers suggest that this version of the HLA-B gene may help the immune system respond more effectively to the parasite that causes malaria.
What does the prefix HLA mean in HLA-B?
“HLA-” prefix trimmed from serotype names. Ankylosing spondylitis: A version of the HLA-B gene called HLA-B27 increases the risk of developing ankylosing spondylitis. It is uncertain how HLA-B27 causes this increased risk.
What is the function of the HLA complex?
The HLA complex helps the immune system distinguish the body’s own proteins from proteins made by foreign invaders such as viruses and bacteria. HLA is the human version of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), a gene family that occurs in many species.
What is HLA-B*5801 and why is it dangerous?
Another version, HLA-B*5801, is associated with an increased risk of severe skin reactions in people treated with allopurinol (a drug used to treat gout, which is a form of arthritis caused by uric acid in the joints).