What causes osteolytic lesions in multiple myeloma?

What causes osteolytic lesions in multiple myeloma?

With myeloma, the cancerous plasma cells (called myeloma cells) make chemicals called osteoclast activating factors (OAFs). These OAFs tell the osteoclasts to break down bone faster than usual, so old bone is broken down faster than new bone is made.

Can leukemia cause bone lesions?

TO THE EDITOR: Most patients with acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) present with cytopenia, lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly [1]. Osteolytic bone lesions are common in plasma cell myelomas and metastatic tumors, but they are rare in ALL patients, especially in adults [2].

What causes myeloma bone lesions?

Myeloma cells can form tumors within the bone marrow and spread from the marrow to damage the bone tissue. Myeloma cells can cause bone marrow cells to remove calcium from the bone, which causes soft spots called osteolytic lesions.

Is multiple myeloma osteoblastic or osteolytic?

Multiple myeloma is a B-cell malignancy characterized by the unrelenting proliferation of plasma cells. Multiple myeloma causes osteolytic lesions and fractures that do not heal due to decreased osteoblastic and increased osteoclastic activity.

What causes osteolytic?

Osteolytic lesions form when the biological process of bone remodeling becomes imbalanced. 1 Normally during this process, old cells on the skeleton are broken down and replaced by new ones.

Where does myeloma spread to first?

At first, the cells reproduce in the bone marrow of the spine. From there, they enter the bloodstream and travel to bone marrow in other parts of the body. They collect in the bone marrow and the hard, outer part of the bones. As this progression happens, the plasma cells can cause multiple tumors.

Can osteolytic lesions be benign?

Benign osteolytic lesions throughout the skeleton encompass a group of neoplastic or tumor-like conditions, such as chondroblastoma (CBT), giant cell tumor (GCT) and others. Proximal femur can be a common site where the femoral head and neck is less frequently involved than the trochanteric region.

What causes osteolysis?

Osteolysis often occurs in the proximity of a prosthesis that causes either an immunological response or changes in the bone’s structural load. Osteolysis may also be caused by pathologies like bone tumors, cysts, or chronic inflammation.

What happens osteolysis?

Osteolysis is a progressive condition where bone tissue is destroyed. In this process, bones lose minerals (mostly calcium), softens, degenerates and become weaker.