What is the structure of a statin?
Chemical structure and pharmacokinetics The chemical structure of statins is constituted by two components; the pharmacophore, which is a dihydroxyheptanoic acid segment, and its moiety composed of a ring system with diverse substituents.
What is a statin drug made of?
Natural statins can be obtained from different genera and species of filamentous fungi. Lovastatin is mainly produced by Aspergillus terreus strains, and mevastatin by Penicillium citrinum.
What is the mechanism of action of statin drugs?
Mechanism of Action Statins work by competitively blocking the active site of the first and key rate-limiting enzyme in the mevalonate pathway, HMG-CoA reductase. Inhibition of this site prevents substrate access, thereby blocking the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonic acid.
What is the chemical name of statins?
Atorvastatin is a dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is a member of the drug class known as statins, used primarily for lowering blood cholesterol and for preventing cardiovascular diseases.
What is the effect of statin?
Statins are a class of drugs often prescribed by doctors to help lower cholesterol levels in the blood. By lowering the levels, they help prevent heart attacks and stroke. Studies show that, in certain people, statins reduce the risk of heart attack, stroke, and even death from heart disease by about 25% to 35%.
What statin means?
Definition of statin : any of a group of drugs (such as lovastatin and simvastatin) that inhibit the synthesis of cholesterol and promote the production of LDL-binding receptors in the liver resulting in a usually marked decrease in the level of LDL and a modest increase in the level of HDL circulating in blood plasma.
How statin is produced?
Statins are produced as a secondary metabolite during stress of the fungi. Acetyl Co-A acts as precursor molecule that plays an important role in bridging the primary metabolism with the secondary metabolism leading to production of various secondary metabolites such as terpenes and polyketides including statins8,9.
Is a statin a steroid?
Cholesterol and statins Cholesterol is a waxy, fatty steroid that your body needs for things like: cell production. sex hormones.
How is atorvastatin metabolised?
Atorvastatin acid is extensively metabolised in both the gut and liver by oxidation, lactonisation and glucuronidation, and the metabolites are eliminated by biliary secretion and direct secretion from blood to the intestine.
What is the purpose of statins?
Statins help lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, also known as “bad” cholesterol, in the blood. They draw cholesterol out of plaque and stabilize plaque, Blaha says.
What are the 7 statins?
Statins include atorvastatin (Lipitor), fluvastatin (Lescol XL), lovastatin (Altoprev), pitavastatin (Livalo), pravastatin (Pravachol), rosuvastatin (Crestor, Ezallor) and simvastatin (Zocor, FloLipid). Having too much cholesterol in your blood increases your risk of heart attacks and strokes.
What is the source of statin?
Monascus purpureus
Statin is produced by a yeast called Monascus purpureus. Its use lowers the blood chloesterol level in the blood in the body. It acts by inhibiting the activity of the enzyme which brings about the synthesis of cholesterol. State the source of statins and its medical role.